Worked Example: SBA 504 Gas Station Feasibility Study in Illinois
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a gas station project in Illinois, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
What SBA's own loan files show about lending in the Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN Metro Area, every asset class together, and what a feasibility study for a project there has to test.
Chicago-Naperville-Elgin is the third largest metro or micro area in the country by number of SBA approvals, 3 of 928, with 20,063 loans and $11.17 billion of approved dollars across FY2017 to FY2026. What sets the area apart from most others is not a single outsized deal but the breadth of the ticket range. At $240,000, the median loan is 1.15x the national figure, while the central half stretches from $80,000 to $576,000. A project here is therefore compared against a lender population that has funded everything from a small shop fit-out to a mid-sized owner-occupied building.
Most approvals, 14,541, fall outside the asset classes this site tracks, so the class list describes only a minority of the book. Within it, full-service restaurant leads with 1,146 loans, limited-service restaurant follows with 722, then child care center at 422 and fitness center at 390. Hotel and motel shows 263 loans and self storage 43, while skilled nursing and hospital sit at 9 and 8. Cook County, IL accounts for 10,587 loans, DuPage County, IL for 2,763 and Lake County, IL for 1,557, with Lake County, IN at 823 and Porter County, IN at 422 on the Indiana side. Franchise brands make up 11.9% of loans, and 7(a) carries 17,131 of them against 2,932 under 504.
The names below are taken from SBA's files, which record the institution now holding each loan. They locate loans on a map and nothing more; they are not a verdict on any lender's habits. Among 7(a) loans, The Huntington National Bank is holder of 3,924 worth $854.4 million, with U.S. Bank, National Association at 1,257 and JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association at 1,203. Byline Bank holds 1,029 loans but $1.21 billion, a far higher dollar total per loan than the others. Among 504 holders, Small Business Growth Corporation leads with 1,533 loans and $1.36 billion, ahead of SomerCor 504, Inc. at 965 loans and $881.2 million. A borrower can see who has handled comparable work nearby and then ask each institution directly what it wants to read.
Cancellation after approval reached 12.5% or more for approvals in FY2017 through FY2024, the floor, while treating undisbursed loans as cancelled gives 14.5%, the ceiling. For the 7,931 loans of the FY2017 to FY2021 funded cohort, charge-offs stand at 6.2% to date and at 3.5% inside five years; open loans could still add to either figure. Volume dipped to 1,501 loans in FY2020 and climbed to 2,790 loans and $1.43 billion in FY2025.
Any feasibility study for a Chicago-area project has to start with the specific county, since lending is not spread evenly across the metro, and test demand against supply in that submarket rather than against the region. Construction cost and the realistic ramp come next, then debt service coverage that survives the cancellation and charge-off floors above, and an appraisal that supports the value the loan assumes. Counties are drawn from the July 2023 delineation, and a loan from outside it counts toward no area. These records are offered to lenders and borrowers, and none of them forecasts how a given request will fare.
| Loans approved, FY2017 to FY2026 | 20,063 |
|---|---|
| Gross dollars approved | $11.17 billion |
| Median loan | $240,000 |
| Middle half of loans, from | $80,000 |
| Middle half of loans, to | $576,000 |
| SBA 7(a) loans | 17,131 |
| SBA 504 loans | 2,932 |
| Franchise share of loans | 11.9% |
| Rank among metro and micro areas by loans | 3 of 928 |
| Median loan against the national median | 1.15x |
| Cancelled after approval, FY2017 to FY2024 approvals (a floor) | 12.5% |
|---|---|
| The same, counting loans still undisbursed as cancelled (a ceiling) | 14.5% |
| Charged off to date, FY2017 to FY2021 disbursed loans (a floor) | 6.2% |
| Charged off within five years of approval | 3.5% |
| Loans in that cohort | 7,931 |
Both rates are floors. SBA withholds the status of open loans, so a loan counts as charged off only once SBA reports it; a rate needs at least 30 loans in its cohort and is otherwise not reported.
SBA loans approved in the Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN Metro Area, by fiscal year
| Fiscal year | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| FY2017 | 1,926 | $905.8 million |
| FY2018 | 2,068 | $951.4 million |
| FY2019 | 1,851 | $952.3 million |
| FY2020 | 1,501 | $916.0 million |
| FY2021 | 1,840 | $1.29 billion |
| FY2022 | 1,862 | $1.19 billion |
| FY2023 | 2,006 | $1.13 billion |
| FY2024 | 2,449 | $1.26 billion |
| FY2025 | 2,790 | $1.43 billion |
| FY2026 | 1,770 | $1.14 billion |
Classes with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are withheld, and more where a small one could be derived.
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Small Business Growth Corporation | 1,533 | $1.36 billion |
| SomerCor 504, Inc. | 965 | $881.2 million |
| Regional Development Company | 235 | $128.8 million |
| Wessex 504 Corporation | 124 | $95.9 million |
| Illinois Business Financial Services | 23 | $27.1 million |
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| The Huntington National Bank | 3,924 | $854.4 million |
| U.S. Bank, National Association | 1,257 | $246.1 million |
| JPMorgan Chase Bank, National Association | 1,203 | $247.1 million |
| Byline Bank | 1,029 | $1.21 billion |
| Northeast Bank (ME) | 548 | $92.9 million |
Lenders with 5 or more loans here; a lender with fewer is not listed, and loans SBA or a receiver holds are counted but never listed as a lender.
| County | Loans |
|---|---|
| Cook County, IL | 10,587 |
| DuPage County, IL | 2,763 |
| Lake County, IL | 1,557 |
| Will County, IL | 1,372 |
| Kane County, IL | 1,314 |
| Lake County, IN | 823 |
| McHenry County, IL | 731 |
| Porter County, IN | 422 |
| Kendall County, IL | 244 |
| DeKalb County, IL | 117 |
Counties with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are not listed.
Metro is the CBSA (metropolitan or micropolitan statistical area) of the loan's project county, July 2023 delineation (OMB Bulletin 23-01). The county is matched by name (manifests/ld2/county-cbsa-map.csv); a loan whose county cannot be placed in a 2023 CBSA is left out of every metro.
All assets: every 7(a) and 504 approval in the metro, including those outside the 39 asset classes.
A value marked withheld rests on fewer than 5 loans, or is withheld so that such a figure cannot be derived from other published figures.
Source: U.S. Small Business Administration, 7(a) and 504 loan-level FOIA files (data.sba.gov), as of 2026-09-30; areas from the U.S. Census Bureau CBSA delineation, July 2023 (OMB Bulletin 23-01); Loan Analytics metro cell MT-16980.
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a gas station project in Illinois, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
Loan Analytics prepares the feasibility study a lender reads before it commits: for a commercial project in the Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN Metro Area, financed under SBA 7(a), SBA 504, USDA Business and Industry or a conventional bank loan. Tell us the project and the lender's deadline, and we reply with scope, timeline and fee.
Start with the data.
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