Worked Example: SBA 504 Gas Station Feasibility Study in Illinois
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a gas station project in Illinois, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
What SBA's own loan files show about lending in the Decatur, IL Metro Area, every asset class together, and what a feasibility study for a project there has to test.
Decatur, IL logged 161 SBA approvals in FY2017 to FY2026, worth $101.2 million in gross dollars. Decatur counts as a mid-table area, ranked 353 of 928 by loans. Decatur is read whole in Decatur, IL, every class counted. A slice of IL is not how Decatur is treated.
$115,000 to $759,500 spans the middle half of Decatur loans, and $249,000 is the median. Outside data makes Decatur requests look light; at 1.20x, Decatur is above the national level. Decatur: 7(a) leads the mix, with 149 7(a) loans against 12 under 504. 15.5% of Decatur loans went to franchised businesses, so a Decatur study names the brand, if any, for Decatur.
Tracked classes in Decatur, with loan counts: hotel and motel 13, gas station and truck stop 11, full-service restaurant 7, limited-service restaurant 6. Another 108 Decatur loans sit in no tracked class, so Decatur totals describe operating businesses, not only property. Macon County, IL (161 loans) lead by county; a Decatur study names which county it covers. Decatur 7(a) lending is led by 73 loans at First Mid Bank & Trust, National Association ($19.6 million); 14 loans at Byline Bank ($19.4 million); 11 loans at Land of Lincoln Credit Union ($2.2 million). SBA keeps records of Decatur loans each lender holds or held; First Mid Bank & Trust, National Association leads with 73, and no Decatur lender is judged.
Decatur goes from 18 loans in FY2017 to 8 in FY2026, ending lower: the peak was 25 in FY2021, and the trough 8 in FY2026. Decatur cancellations stand at 8.5%, a floor, for Decatur approvals in FY2017 to FY2024; Decatur's ceiling is withheld, never zero in Decatur. A charge-off floor for Decatur would rest on a thin cohort of 161 loans, so Decatur withholds it; withheld is not zero. Decatur faces a geography limit: Decatur, IL uses the July 2023 definition; 161 loans are matched by county, and unplaceable Decatur loans are omitted, so Decatur counts and rates are floors.
Any Decatur study defines its Decatur trade area first, since lending in Macon County, IL differs from lending across Decatur, IL. If a Decatur concept resembles hotel and motel, Decatur offers size and lender precedent; other Decatur concepts must rest on their own Decatur evidence. Decatur costs belong on local bids; test Decatur debt service coverage for a loan near $249,000, and again near $759,500. Decatur is metropolitan; a Decatur appraisal belongs in one submarket, not behind Decatur averages. Nothing printed for Decatur predicts approval; each Decatur lender still reviews a study.
| Loans approved, FY2017 to FY2026 | 161 |
|---|---|
| Gross dollars approved | $101.2 million |
| Median loan | $249,000 |
| Middle half of loans, from | $115,000 |
| Middle half of loans, to | $759,500 |
| SBA 7(a) loans | 149 |
| SBA 504 loans | 12 |
| Franchise share of loans | 15.5% |
| Rank among metro and micro areas by loans | 353 of 928 |
| Median loan against the national median | 1.20x |
| Cancelled after approval, FY2017 to FY2024 approvals (a floor) | 8.5% |
|---|---|
| The same, counting loans still undisbursed as cancelled (a ceiling) | withheld |
| Charged off to date, FY2017 to FY2021 disbursed loans (a floor) | withheld |
Both rates are floors. SBA withholds the status of open loans, so a loan counts as charged off only once SBA reports it; a rate needs at least 30 loans in its cohort and is otherwise not reported.
SBA loans approved in the Decatur, IL Metro Area, by fiscal year
| Fiscal year | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| FY2017 | 18 | $14.4 million |
| FY2018 | 16 | $8.0 million |
| FY2019 | 15 | $6.0 million |
| FY2020 | 17 | $9.0 million |
| FY2021 | 25 | $15.7 million |
| FY2022 | 17 | $8.4 million |
| FY2023 | 15 | $8.7 million |
| FY2024 | 18 | $11.7 million |
| FY2025 | 12 | $10.2 million |
| FY2026 | 8 | $9.2 million |
| Asset class | Loans |
|---|---|
| Not in any of the 39 asset classes | 108 |
| Hotel and motel | 13 |
| Gas station and truck stop | 11 |
| Full-service restaurant | 7 |
| Limited-service restaurant | 6 |
| Coffee shop and snack bar | 6 |
Classes with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are withheld, and more where a small one could be derived.
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| SomerCor 504, Inc. | 6 | $2.6 million |
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| First Mid Bank & Trust, National Association | 73 | $19.6 million |
| Byline Bank | 14 | $19.4 million |
| Land of Lincoln Credit Union | 11 | $2.2 million |
| First National Bank of Pana | 5 | $2.0 million |
| Bank of Springfield | 5 | $1.6 million |
Lenders with 5 or more loans here; a lender with fewer is not listed, and loans SBA or a receiver holds are counted but never listed as a lender.
| County | Loans |
|---|---|
| Macon County, IL | 161 |
Counties with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are not listed.
Metro is the CBSA (metropolitan or micropolitan statistical area) of the loan's project county, July 2023 delineation (OMB Bulletin 23-01). The county is matched by name (manifests/ld2/county-cbsa-map.csv); a loan whose county cannot be placed in a 2023 CBSA is left out of every metro.
All assets: every 7(a) and 504 approval in the metro, including those outside the 39 asset classes.
A value marked withheld rests on fewer than 5 loans, or is withheld so that such a figure cannot be derived from other published figures.
Source: U.S. Small Business Administration, 7(a) and 504 loan-level FOIA files (data.sba.gov), as of 2026-09-30; areas from the U.S. Census Bureau CBSA delineation, July 2023 (OMB Bulletin 23-01); Loan Analytics metro cell MT-19500.
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a gas station project in Illinois, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
Loan Analytics prepares the feasibility study a lender reads before it commits: for a commercial project in the Decatur, IL Metro Area, financed under SBA 7(a), SBA 504, USDA Business and Industry or a conventional bank loan. Tell us the project and the lender's deadline, and we reply with scope, timeline and fee.
Start with the data.
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