Worked Example: USDA B&I Gas Station Feasibility Study in Oregon
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a gas station project in Oregon, financed with a USDA Business and Industry guaranteed loan.
What SBA's own loan files show about lending in the Medford, OR Metro Area, every asset class together, and what a feasibility study for a project there has to test.
Ranked 159 of 928 by loans, Medford drew 522 approvals between FY2017 and FY2026, $235.3 million gross. A median of $126,550 in Medford sits at 0.61x the national median, below the usual ticket. Medford loans in the middle in Medford half fall from $50,000 to $498,125. With $50,000 and $498,125 bounding the middle half in Medford, no single benchmark fits every project in Medford.
In Medford, 478 approvals are SBA 7(a) loans; 44 are SBA 504 loans. Medford franchise share of loans is 8.0%. In Medford, classes read hotel and motel with 27, full-service restaurant with 22 and limited-service restaurant with 22. In Medford, outside the tracked classes, 378 loans make up the rest of the 522. A single county, Jackson County, OR, accounts for 522 Medford loans.
In Medford, lender lines come from agency records of loans a lender in Medford has or had in Medford, per the holder field in Medford, and carry no judgment of lenders. Medford holders should be read that way in Medford. The largest Medford holders under SBA 7(a) in Medford are U.S. Bank, National Association with 73 loans worth $9.0 million; Banner Bank with 71 loans worth $7.0 million; Columbia Bank (OR) with 53 loans worth $8.4 million. Medford SBA 504 list starts with Evergreen Business Capital with 36 loans worth $26.4 million. The first holder in Medford sets the pace. Even so, a Medford borrower may take a study elsewhere in Medford.
SBA's files show 10.3% of FY2017 to FY2024 approvals in Medford cancelled, a floor. One more Medford figure, a ceiling treating loans lacking a disbursement as cancelled is withheld at source for Medford. Of 208 disbursed Medford loans in the FY2017 to FY2021 cohort, 6.7% are charged off to date (a floor), 3.8% within five years. Of the printed Medford years, FY2025 leads with 94 loans. Boundaries for Medford come from each project's county name, matched with the July 2023 delineation, and one with a county left unresolved sits in none of the areas. The 522 loans in Medford, OR include those in no named class in Medford.
The Medford test begins with demand. Test the pull of the parcel itself in Medford, never the metropolitan area, so timing may slip, for Medford. After demand, Medford cost. Borrowers see a $126,550 median, though every line in Medford should rest on bids, and an honest Medford contingency. Coverage of debt service is the Medford test. Report coverage on the proposed loan plus a case with lower revenue, letting a Medford lender see the margin. Appraisal closes the loop in Medford, so every income assumption has to be documented for Medford. In Medford, 522 loans spread over many neighbourhoods, and a Medford study must say which it targets. At 0.61x of the national median, a very large Medford project may look unusual in Medford. The study should explain its scale for Medford against $126,550.
| Loans approved, FY2017 to FY2026 | 522 |
|---|---|
| Gross dollars approved | $235.3 million |
| Median loan | $126,550 |
| Middle half of loans, from | $50,000 |
| Middle half of loans, to | $498,125 |
| SBA 7(a) loans | 478 |
| SBA 504 loans | 44 |
| Franchise share of loans | 8.0% |
| Rank among metro and micro areas by loans | 159 of 928 |
| Median loan against the national median | 0.61x |
| Cancelled after approval, FY2017 to FY2024 approvals (a floor) | 10.3% |
|---|---|
| The same, counting loans still undisbursed as cancelled (a ceiling) | withheld |
| Charged off to date, FY2017 to FY2021 disbursed loans (a floor) | 6.7% |
| Charged off within five years of approval | 3.8% |
| Loans in that cohort | 208 |
Both rates are floors. SBA withholds the status of open loans, so a loan counts as charged off only once SBA reports it; a rate needs at least 30 loans in its cohort and is otherwise not reported.
SBA loans approved in the Medford, OR Metro Area, by fiscal year
| Fiscal year | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| FY2017 | 63 | $22.6 million |
| FY2018 | 45 | $22.0 million |
| FY2019 | 47 | $17.7 million |
| FY2020 | 34 | $27.9 million |
| FY2021 | 41 | $26.6 million |
| FY2022 | 34 | $21.6 million |
| FY2023 | 32 | $16.7 million |
| FY2024 | 72 | $19.8 million |
| FY2025 | 94 | $37.3 million |
| FY2026 | 60 | $23.2 million |
| Asset class | Loans |
|---|---|
| Not in any of the 39 asset classes | 378 |
| Hotel and motel | 27 |
| Full-service restaurant | 22 |
| Limited-service restaurant | 22 |
| Automotive mechanical repair (car and truck) | 10 |
| Dental office | 9 |
| Medical office (physicians) | 9 |
| Coffee shop and snack bar | 8 |
| Gas station and truck stop | 5 |
| Veterinary clinic | 5 |
| Beauty salon | 5 |
Classes with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are withheld, and more where a small one could be derived.
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Evergreen Business Capital | 36 | $26.4 million |
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| U.S. Bank, National Association | 73 | $9.0 million |
| Banner Bank | 71 | $7.0 million |
| Columbia Bank (OR) | 53 | $8.4 million |
| Peoples Bank of Commerce | 37 | $8.0 million |
| Wells Fargo Bank National Association | 24 | $10.1 million |
Lenders with 5 or more loans here; a lender with fewer is not listed, and loans SBA or a receiver holds are counted but never listed as a lender.
| County | Loans |
|---|---|
| Jackson County, OR | 522 |
Counties with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are not listed.
Metro is the CBSA (metropolitan or micropolitan statistical area) of the loan's project county, July 2023 delineation (OMB Bulletin 23-01). The county is matched by name (manifests/ld2/county-cbsa-map.csv); a loan whose county cannot be placed in a 2023 CBSA is left out of every metro.
All assets: every 7(a) and 504 approval in the metro, including those outside the 39 asset classes.
A value marked withheld rests on fewer than 5 loans, or is withheld so that such a figure cannot be derived from other published figures.
Source: U.S. Small Business Administration, 7(a) and 504 loan-level FOIA files (data.sba.gov), as of 2026-09-30; areas from the U.S. Census Bureau CBSA delineation, July 2023 (OMB Bulletin 23-01); Loan Analytics metro cell MT-32780.
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a gas station project in Oregon, financed with a USDA Business and Industry guaranteed loan.
Loan Analytics prepares the feasibility study a lender reads before it commits: for a commercial project in the Medford, OR Metro Area, financed under SBA 7(a), SBA 504, USDA Business and Industry or a conventional bank loan. Tell us the project and the lender's deadline, and we reply with scope, timeline and fee.
Start with the data.
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