Worked Example: SBA 504 Car Wash Feasibility Study in Montana, Two Self-Serve Bays and One In-Bay Automatic
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a car wash project in Montana, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
What SBA's own loan files show about lending in the Missoula, MT Metro Area, every asset class together, and what a feasibility study for a project there has to test.
SBA approved 228 loans for Missoula projects over FY2017 to FY2026, worth $103.0 million in gross dollars. By loan count, Missoula ranks 290 of 928 against every other statistical area, Missoula among them. The median ticket in Missoula is $200,000, while the middle half span $82,150 to $499,250. Loan size here is 0.96x of the national median, which keeps Missoula close to the national Missoula norm on ticket size.
The metro area shows 180 loans under 7(a), against 48 under 504; in Missoula, 7(a) carries the bigger share. The franchise share of Missoula loans is 14.0%. 39 loans worth $12.0 million put Glacier Bank first among 7(a) holders. 29 loans and $5.9 million belong to U.S. Bank, National Association, in next place. Also in the 7(a) table: First Interstate Bank at 14 loans; Wells Fargo Bank National Association has 11. 504 lending here runs through Capital Matrix, Inc., at 25 loans and $14.3 million. Big Sky Economic Development Corporation trails with 14. Every lender Missoula row is SBA's record of holdings. Glacier Bank appears as the holder SBA states; no row describes how U.S. Bank, National Association treats borrowers.
The larger share of the Missoula record falls outside the class table: 165 loans that carry codes outside the Missoula table. The Missoula class rows therefore describe a minority of Missoula lending. The class table opens with automotive mechanical repair (car and truck), 12 loans, ahead of limited-service restaurant at 11, and fitness center at 9. Smaller classes follow, among them full-service restaurant at 6 loans and beauty salon at 6.
A minimum of 9.7% of Missoula approvals Missoula made in FY2017 to FY2024 never funded; counting Missoula loans still undisbursed as cancelled leaves the ceiling at the same 9.7%. The Missoula charge-off rate is withheld: its funded cohort is under 30 loans, so no loss figure is printed, so readers must not treat this blank as proof that no losses occurred. Annual approvals peaked in FY2021 at 35 loans and $12.9 million; the thinnest Missoula year before FY2026 was FY2018, with 9 loans for $2.9 million. Missoula is built from project counties such as Missoula, MT. Then the 2023 Missoula delineation of statistical areas draws the Missoula line, so a loan from an unmatched Missoula county appears nowhere.
Any Missoula feasibility analysis has to be written for the particular Missoula county, since area totals mix several markets. The top class by count is automotive mechanical repair (car and truck), which means expect scrutiny of waste oil and fluid handling, plus fleet and commercial account potential and the building's reuse beyond repair. A Missoula request in limited-service restaurant depend on queue length at the lunch rush and on how a brand carries up in Missoula. Debt service coverage in Missoula must hold in a weak year; comparable sales near the Missoula site must support the value.
| Loans approved, FY2017 to FY2026 | 228 |
|---|---|
| Gross dollars approved | $103.0 million |
| Median loan | $200,000 |
| Middle half of loans, from | $82,150 |
| Middle half of loans, to | $499,250 |
| SBA 7(a) loans | 180 |
| SBA 504 loans | 48 |
| Franchise share of loans | 14.0% |
| Rank among metro and micro areas by loans | 290 of 928 |
| Median loan against the national median | 0.96x |
| Cancelled after approval, FY2017 to FY2024 approvals (a floor) | 9.7% |
|---|---|
| The same, counting loans still undisbursed as cancelled (a ceiling) | 9.7% |
| Charged off to date, FY2017 to FY2021 disbursed loans (a floor) | withheld |
Both rates are floors. SBA withholds the status of open loans, so a loan counts as charged off only once SBA reports it; a rate needs at least 30 loans in its cohort and is otherwise not reported.
SBA loans approved in the Missoula, MT Metro Area, by fiscal year
| Fiscal year | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| FY2017 | 28 | $10.4 million |
| FY2018 | 9 | $2.9 million |
| FY2019 | 27 | $10.7 million |
| FY2020 | 13 | $9.4 million |
| FY2021 | 35 | $12.9 million |
| FY2022 | 23 | $14.6 million |
| FY2023 | 15 | $4.3 million |
| FY2024 | 25 | $11.6 million |
| FY2025 | 32 | $14.6 million |
| FY2026 | 21 | $11.6 million |
| Asset class | Loans |
|---|---|
| Not in any of the 39 asset classes | 165 |
| Automotive mechanical repair (car and truck) | 12 |
| Limited-service restaurant | 11 |
| Fitness center | 9 |
| Full-service restaurant | 6 |
| Beauty salon | 6 |
Classes with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are withheld, and more where a small one could be derived.
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Capital Matrix, Inc. | 25 | $14.3 million |
| Big Sky Economic Development Corporation | 14 | $8.3 million |
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Glacier Bank | 39 | $12.0 million |
| U.S. Bank, National Association | 29 | $5.9 million |
| First Interstate Bank | 14 | $8.4 million |
| Wells Fargo Bank National Association | 11 | $1.5 million |
| Montana Community Development Corp. | 10 | $902,800 |
Lenders with 5 or more loans here; a lender with fewer is not listed, and loans SBA or a receiver holds are counted but never listed as a lender.
Metro is the CBSA (metropolitan or micropolitan statistical area) of the loan's project county, July 2023 delineation (OMB Bulletin 23-01). The county is matched by name (manifests/ld2/county-cbsa-map.csv); a loan whose county cannot be placed in a 2023 CBSA is left out of every metro.
All assets: every 7(a) and 504 approval in the metro, including those outside the 39 asset classes.
A value marked withheld rests on fewer than 5 loans, or is withheld so that such a figure cannot be derived from other published figures.
Source: U.S. Small Business Administration, 7(a) and 504 loan-level FOIA files (data.sba.gov), as of 2026-09-30; areas from the U.S. Census Bureau CBSA delineation, July 2023 (OMB Bulletin 23-01); Loan Analytics metro cell MT-33540.
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a car wash project in Montana, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
Loan Analytics prepares the feasibility study a lender reads before it commits: for a commercial project in the Missoula, MT Metro Area, financed under SBA 7(a), SBA 504, USDA Business and Industry or a conventional bank loan. Tell us the project and the lender's deadline, and we reply with scope, timeline and fee.
Start with the data.
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