Worked Example: SBA 504 Car Wash Feasibility Study in Montana, Two Self-Serve Bays and One In-Bay Automatic
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a car wash project in Montana, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
What SBA's own loan files show about lending in the Helena, MT Metro Area, every asset class together, and what a feasibility study for a project there has to test.
SBA files rank Helena 335 of 928 by loans: 181 approvals in FY2017 to FY2026, $98.0 million gross. Median loan: $250,000 in Helena, 1.20x the national median. That makes Helena a larger-ticket market. In Helena, the middle half of loans runs from $88,000 to $700,000. Because $88,000 and $700,000 frame the middle half, a Helena borrower should weigh any Helena request against $250,000.
Program mix in Helena: 163 under SBA 7(a) and 18 under SBA 504. As SBA flags them, 8.3% of Helena loans are franchise loans. Asset by asset, Helena shows limited-service restaurant with 7, automotive mechanical repair with 6 and fitness center with 6. A further 125 Helena loans sit in no named class in Helena. The class lines for Helena therefore never sum to 181. County by county, Helena reads Lewis and Clark County, MT with 148, Jefferson County, MT with 27 and Broadwater County, MT with 6 in Helena.
In Helena, these tables draw on SBA's file view in Helena of loans a firm in Helena keeps or kept in Helena, per the holder note, and say nothing of lender standards. Helena holders should be read that way. The Helena SBA 7(a) table opens with Glacier Bank with 46 loans worth $10.4 million; Ascent Bank with 20 loans worth $9.2 million; Opportunity Bank of Montana with 10 loans worth $9.2 million. Under SBA 504, Helena lists Big Sky Economic Development Corporation with 11 loans worth $5.7 million first. In Helena, concentration among top holders says little. A Helena study should stand on evidence alone in Helena.
Of Helena approvals from FY2017 to FY2024, at least 11.7% were cancelled after approval. Helena has a ceiling of 11.7% when undisbursed loans count as cancelled. In Helena, the charge-off rate for the funded loans in Helena of FY2017 to FY2021 stays withheld in Helena, the cohort being small; nothing is guessed, and Helena is not zero. Helena's busiest printed year was FY2025, with 30 loans. Loans count toward Helena via the county of the project, matched by the July 2023 delineation, meaning a loan whose county cannot be placed appears in no area. The 181 loans in Helena, MT include those in no named class in Helena.
Demand ranks first for Helena. Size the real catchment of that location, never Helena at large, then test a late opening in Helena. Helena cost comes next. $250,000 is the median ticket in Helena, a guide in Helena, however land and building need bids, adding a visible contingency for Helena. The Helena loan has to be serviceable. Test coverage at the requested size once more on conservative revenue, so the margin of safety shows in Helena. Appraisal closes the loop in Helena, so any rent figure needs to reconcile with value in Helena. In Helena, 181 loans spread over many neighbourhoods, and a Helena study must say which it targets. With Helena at 1.20x the national median in Helena, projects run large in Helena. The study must justify its project for Helena against $250,000.
| Loans approved, FY2017 to FY2026 | 181 |
|---|---|
| Gross dollars approved | $98.0 million |
| Median loan | $250,000 |
| Middle half of loans, from | $88,000 |
| Middle half of loans, to | $700,000 |
| SBA 7(a) loans | 163 |
| SBA 504 loans | 18 |
| Franchise share of loans | 8.3% |
| Rank among metro and micro areas by loans | 335 of 928 |
| Median loan against the national median | 1.20x |
| Cancelled after approval, FY2017 to FY2024 approvals (a floor) | 11.7% |
|---|---|
| The same, counting loans still undisbursed as cancelled (a ceiling) | 11.7% |
| Charged off to date, FY2017 to FY2021 disbursed loans (a floor) | withheld |
Both rates are floors. SBA withholds the status of open loans, so a loan counts as charged off only once SBA reports it; a rate needs at least 30 loans in its cohort and is otherwise not reported.
SBA loans approved in the Helena, MT Metro Area, by fiscal year
| Fiscal year | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| FY2017 | 27 | $6.8 million |
| FY2018 | 14 | $4.2 million |
| FY2019 | 14 | $3.8 million |
| FY2020 | 11 | $8.3 million |
| FY2021 | 15 | $9.3 million |
| FY2022 | 16 | $16.3 million |
| FY2023 | 13 | $4.9 million |
| FY2024 | 18 | $15.3 million |
| FY2025 | 30 | $14.9 million |
| FY2026 | 23 | $14.2 million |
| Asset class | Loans |
|---|---|
| Not in any of the 39 asset classes | 125 |
| Limited-service restaurant | 7 |
| Automotive mechanical repair (car and truck) | 6 |
| Fitness center | 6 |
| Child care center | 5 |
Classes with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are withheld, and more where a small one could be derived.
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Big Sky Economic Development Corporation | 11 | $5.7 million |
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Glacier Bank | 46 | $10.4 million |
| Ascent Bank | 20 | $9.2 million |
| Opportunity Bank of Montana | 10 | $9.2 million |
| Bank of the Rockies | 10 | $4.8 million |
| Bravera Bank | 9 | $2.5 million |
Lenders with 5 or more loans here; a lender with fewer is not listed, and loans SBA or a receiver holds are counted but never listed as a lender.
| County | Loans |
|---|---|
| Lewis and Clark County, MT | 148 |
| Jefferson County, MT | 27 |
| Broadwater County, MT | 6 |
Counties with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are not listed.
Metro is the CBSA (metropolitan or micropolitan statistical area) of the loan's project county, July 2023 delineation (OMB Bulletin 23-01). The county is matched by name (manifests/ld2/county-cbsa-map.csv); a loan whose county cannot be placed in a 2023 CBSA is left out of every metro.
All assets: every 7(a) and 504 approval in the metro, including those outside the 39 asset classes.
A value marked withheld rests on fewer than 5 loans, or is withheld so that such a figure cannot be derived from other published figures.
Source: U.S. Small Business Administration, 7(a) and 504 loan-level FOIA files (data.sba.gov), as of 2026-09-30; areas from the U.S. Census Bureau CBSA delineation, July 2023 (OMB Bulletin 23-01); Loan Analytics metro cell MT-25740.
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a car wash project in Montana, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
Loan Analytics prepares the feasibility study a lender reads before it commits: for a commercial project in the Helena, MT Metro Area, financed under SBA 7(a), SBA 504, USDA Business and Industry or a conventional bank loan. Tell us the project and the lender's deadline, and we reply with scope, timeline and fee.
Start with the data.
Contact Us