Worked Example: SBA 504 Change of Ownership Hotel Feasibility Study in Virginia
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a hotel project in Virginia, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
What SBA's own loan files show about lending in the Harrisonburg, VA Metro Area, every asset class together, and what a feasibility study for a project there has to test.
129 SBA loans for projects in Harrisonburg, VA over FY2017 and FY2026 total $74.0 million gross. Beyond that, Harrisonburg stands at 411 of 928 against all core-based areas on approvals. $275,000 marks the central loan; the bulk of loans lies between $125,000 and $750,000. The typical loan here is 1.32x against the country's median, so a usual ticket lands ahead of the figure for the nation. Then, Harrisonburg keeps to its own counties, never a statewide average: 129 loans overall.
108 loans in 7(a) compare with 21 loans in 504. In practice, 19.4% of the loans on file involve franchisees here. Under 7(a) cases, the largest institutions by loans appear as Farmers & Merchants Bank (VA) with 14 loans worth $2.0 million, Pendleton Community Bank Inc holding 12 loans and $2.6 million, followed by Atlantic Union Bank booking 11 loans for $4.1 million. Next, under 504 lending, the busiest development companies by number come out as Business Finance Group, Inc. holding 12 loans totalling $11.8 million. Separately, lender names are taken from SBA data on 129 loans; they show completed approvals alone, and not the terms that lenders apply across Harrisonburg.
Automotive mechanical repair at 6, gas station and truck stop with 5, then limited-service restaurant at 5 head the class list in the file. 85 approvals lie apart from the named classes, so the Harrisonburg total reaches beyond the class list. For context, looking at counties, Harrisonburg city (69) plus Rockingham County (60) come first. In turn, taking each approval year, FY2017 begins at 8 loans and $3.6 million; FY2025 is the high point at 19 loans and $11.8 million, while FY2026, the latest year, ends the count at 19 loans and $12.3 million.
11.0% of FY2017 through FY2024 approvals in Harrisonburg were cancelled before they funded, a floor; 11.0% marks the ceiling counting undisbursed loans. In practice, no loss floor is printed for Harrisonburg, VA; the disbursed cohort has too few loans, and withheld cannot be read as zero. In practice, take every rate printed here like a minimum, as loans written recently got scant runway to cancel or default, across 129 loans. A Harrisonburg entry in the file rests on the statistical area that takes in each loan's site county, using the July 2023 definitions; the counties are paired name to name, so any loan whose home county does not map never counts in every area total. Worth noting: whatever its class, every approval in either program across Harrisonburg is included towards its $74.0 million total.
For Harrisonburg, an independent study for a property opens with the actual proposal, and not the 129-loan file. Separately, demand in Harrisonburg is the opening test: can Harrisonburg's local customer base sustain the volume needed, against competitors in and near Harrisonburg city? The area median comes to 1.32x measured against the national median, so construction quotes could run ahead, perhaps; price the real scope against figures from local trades. Separately, debt service coverage binds sales to outlay in Harrisonburg: expected net income set against loan payments, plus a downside case. The valuation completes the test in Harrisonburg: value as built must carry the request requested. Beyond that, a client armed with an independent feasibility study of Harrisonburg, when first calling on a bank, has faced the outcome floors first; the decision belongs to the credit committee and SBA in Harrisonburg, not the study's author.
| Loans approved, FY2017 to FY2026 | 129 |
|---|---|
| Gross dollars approved | $74.0 million |
| Median loan | $275,000 |
| Middle half of loans, from | $125,000 |
| Middle half of loans, to | $750,000 |
| SBA 7(a) loans | 108 |
| SBA 504 loans | 21 |
| Franchise share of loans | 19.4% |
| Rank among metro and micro areas by loans | 411 of 928 |
| Median loan against the national median | 1.32x |
| Cancelled after approval, FY2017 to FY2024 approvals (a floor) | 11.0% |
|---|---|
| The same, counting loans still undisbursed as cancelled (a ceiling) | 11.0% |
| Charged off to date, FY2017 to FY2021 disbursed loans (a floor) | withheld |
Both rates are floors. SBA withholds the status of open loans, so a loan counts as charged off only once SBA reports it; a rate needs at least 30 loans in its cohort and is otherwise not reported.
SBA loans approved in the Harrisonburg, VA Metro Area, by fiscal year
| Fiscal year | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| FY2017 | 8 | $3.6 million |
| FY2018 | 15 | $4.2 million |
| FY2019 | 13 | $9.5 million |
| FY2020 | 8 | $4.1 million |
| FY2021 | 18 | $7.9 million |
| FY2022 | 11 | $5.1 million |
| FY2023 | 11 | $12.4 million |
| FY2024 | 7 | $3.0 million |
| FY2025 | 19 | $11.8 million |
| FY2026 | 19 | $12.3 million |
| Asset class | Loans |
|---|---|
| Not in any of the 39 asset classes | 85 |
| Automotive mechanical repair (car and truck) | 6 |
| Gas station and truck stop | 5 |
| Limited-service restaurant | 5 |
Classes with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are withheld, and more where a small one could be derived.
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Business Finance Group, Inc. | 12 | $11.8 million |
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| Farmers & Merchants Bank (VA) | 14 | $2.0 million |
| Pendleton Community Bank Inc | 12 | $2.6 million |
| Atlantic Union Bank | 11 | $4.1 million |
| Live Oak Banking Company | 6 | $7.6 million |
| The First Bank and Trust Company | 6 | $4.3 million |
Lenders with 5 or more loans here; a lender with fewer is not listed, and loans SBA or a receiver holds are counted but never listed as a lender.
| County | Loans |
|---|---|
| Harrisonburg city, VA | 69 |
| Rockingham County, VA | 60 |
Counties with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are not listed.
Metro is the CBSA (metropolitan or micropolitan statistical area) of the loan's project county, July 2023 delineation (OMB Bulletin 23-01). The county is matched by name (manifests/ld2/county-cbsa-map.csv); a loan whose county cannot be placed in a 2023 CBSA is left out of every metro.
All assets: every 7(a) and 504 approval in the metro, including those outside the 39 asset classes.
A value marked withheld rests on fewer than 5 loans, or is withheld so that such a figure cannot be derived from other published figures.
Source: U.S. Small Business Administration, 7(a) and 504 loan-level FOIA files (data.sba.gov), as of 2026-09-30; areas from the U.S. Census Bureau CBSA delineation, July 2023 (OMB Bulletin 23-01); Loan Analytics metro cell MT-25500.
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for a hotel project in Virginia, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
Loan Analytics prepares the feasibility study a lender reads before it commits: for a commercial project in the Harrisonburg, VA Metro Area, financed under SBA 7(a), SBA 504, USDA Business and Industry or a conventional bank loan. Tell us the project and the lender's deadline, and we reply with scope, timeline and fee.
Start with the data.
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