Worked Example: SBA 504 Owner-Occupied Retail Feasibility Study in Michigan
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for an owner-occupied retail project in Michigan, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
What SBA's own loan files show about lending in the Bay City, MI Metro Area, every asset class together, and what a feasibility study for a project there has to test.
Bay City is Bay County alone, with 180 SBA approvals for FY2017 to FY2026 and $63.7 million gross, rank 336 of 928; 168 are 7(a) and 12 are 504. Bay City puts its median at $139,900. Bay City is 0.67x the national figure. For Bay City, half of loans run $50,000 to $366,250. Brands hold 9.4% of the count.
Lodging comes first in Bay City: hotel and motel, 11 loans, with automotive mechanical repair, full-service restaurant and limited-service restaurant a step behind at 7 each; 120 loans sit outside the classes. A Bay City lodging study should test seasonal occupancy and rate and any brand plan, and should value the property from its income, not from what the building cost. Count was 22 loans and $5.4 million in FY2017, a low of 7 loans and $5.1 million in FY2018, a peak of 25 loans and $7.9 million in FY2021 and 13 loans and $5.3 million in FY2026.
The Huntington National Bank holds 76 loans and $13.6 million under 7(a), and ChoiceOne Bank 12 loans and $3.3 million. The page lists no 504 lender. Bay City lists come from SBA's holder records. Bay City names hold or held the loans shown. Bay City volume is no lender's verdict. Bay City counts state no requirement.
In Bay City, cancellations ran at least 14.1%. That covers Bay City approvals FY2017 to FY2024. Bay City's ceiling is withheld, as Bay City lacks loans to support one. Bay City reports no charge-off rate. Too few Bay City loans back one; Bay City is not a zero. Bay City floors rise if open Bay City loans go bad. Bay City counts by county. Bay City's members follow the July 2023 delineation. Bay City matches counties by name, Bay City drops those that fail to place, and Bay City keeps approvals outside named classes. The Bay City cancellation floor, 14.1%, is high; a study should therefore verify that financing, permits and closing dates are firm before it sizes a loan, and should run debt service on lean revenue. Bay City studies come from Loan Analytics. Bay City studies are signed by Daniel Smith, MAI.
| Loans approved, FY2017 to FY2026 | 180 |
|---|---|
| Gross dollars approved | $63.7 million |
| Median loan | $139,900 |
| Middle half of loans, from | $50,000 |
| Middle half of loans, to | $366,250 |
| SBA 7(a) loans | 168 |
| SBA 504 loans | 12 |
| Franchise share of loans | 9.4% |
| Rank among metro and micro areas by loans | 336 of 928 |
| Median loan against the national median | 0.67x |
| Cancelled after approval, FY2017 to FY2024 approvals (a floor) | 14.1% |
|---|---|
| The same, counting loans still undisbursed as cancelled (a ceiling) | withheld |
| Charged off to date, FY2017 to FY2021 disbursed loans (a floor) | withheld |
Both rates are floors. SBA withholds the status of open loans, so a loan counts as charged off only once SBA reports it; a rate needs at least 30 loans in its cohort and is otherwise not reported.
SBA loans approved in the Bay City, MI Metro Area, by fiscal year
| Fiscal year | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| FY2017 | 22 | $5.4 million |
| FY2018 | 7 | $5.1 million |
| FY2019 | 15 | $4.4 million |
| FY2020 | 11 | $2.9 million |
| FY2021 | 25 | $7.9 million |
| FY2022 | 20 | $11.8 million |
| FY2023 | 24 | $3.5 million |
| FY2024 | 25 | $7.9 million |
| FY2025 | 18 | $9.4 million |
| FY2026 | 13 | $5.3 million |
| Asset class | Loans |
|---|---|
| Not in any of the 39 asset classes | 120 |
| Hotel and motel | 11 |
| Automotive mechanical repair (car and truck) | 7 |
| Full-service restaurant | 7 |
| Limited-service restaurant | 7 |
Classes with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are withheld, and more where a small one could be derived.
| Lender | Loans | Dollars |
|---|---|---|
| The Huntington National Bank | 76 | $13.6 million |
| 1st State Bank | 30 | $9.7 million |
| ChoiceOne Bank | 12 | $3.3 million |
| PNC Bank, National Association | 5 | $804,600 |
Lenders with 5 or more loans here; a lender with fewer is not listed, and loans SBA or a receiver holds are counted but never listed as a lender.
| County | Loans |
|---|---|
| Bay County, MI | 180 |
Counties with 5 or more loans; smaller ones are not listed.
Metro is the CBSA (metropolitan or micropolitan statistical area) of the loan's project county, July 2023 delineation (OMB Bulletin 23-01). The county is matched by name (manifests/ld2/county-cbsa-map.csv); a loan whose county cannot be placed in a 2023 CBSA is left out of every metro.
All assets: every 7(a) and 504 approval in the metro, including those outside the 39 asset classes.
A value marked withheld rests on fewer than 5 loans, or is withheld so that such a figure cannot be derived from other published figures.
Source: U.S. Small Business Administration, 7(a) and 504 loan-level FOIA files (data.sba.gov), as of 2026-09-30; areas from the U.S. Census Bureau CBSA delineation, July 2023 (OMB Bulletin 23-01); Loan Analytics metro cell MT-13020.
A worked example of the feasibility study a lender would read for an owner-occupied retail project in Michigan, financed with an SBA 504 loan.
Loan Analytics prepares the feasibility study a lender reads before it commits: for a commercial project in the Bay City, MI Metro Area, financed under SBA 7(a), SBA 504, USDA Business and Industry or a conventional bank loan. Tell us the project and the lender's deadline, and we reply with scope, timeline and fee.
Start with the data.
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